They included national and international Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) teams, many of whom did not reach the city until after all the successful rescues had been completed. After the February 2011 earthquake, Auckland Council and the Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management jointly reissued the resource as a DVD. 43, no. 'February 2011 Christchurch earthquake', URL: https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/february-2011-christchurch-earthquake, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 12-Jun-2023. 345 Middlefield Road Not everyone was at home. I stumbled from the bed and slammed into the door frame whilst trying to get to my son, I eventually made it to his room, I fumbled for the light switch and couldnt work out why it wouldnt turn on, I gave up and carried on to his cot. 3, September 2012, Melissa Parsons, Rubble to resurrection: churches respond in the Canterbury quakes, DayStar Books, Auckland, 2014, S.H. 2, July 2014, p. 7. Bull, W. B. J. Geophys. The aftershocks were so frequent that many households and workplaces made a kind of game of guessing their magnitude, depth and location. The shaking got worse but eventually it stopped. Individual businesses also suffered again whether from damage to stock or buildings, the impact of damage to infrastructure such as roads and utilities, or because of a decline in the demand for their services. What challenges have been caused by urban growth in Mumbai? Limestone Case Study Malham, The Yorkshire Dales. [5]. Culture and Society No-ones going to come and visit the gallery in Hilton St any more, so at the end of 2010 we left the gallery. What are shanty town improvement schemes? Those who still hadnt heard from loved ones continued to try their cellphones and those of friends and family, as well as ringing the hospital, 111 and/ or the helpline the government had established after the September 2010 earthquake (0800 779 997). What is the location and importance of Rio de Janeiro? Menlo Park, CA 94025 Details are still trickling in, and the numbers of dead and injured are expected to rise following what Prime Minister John Key has said "may well be New Zealand's darkest day". Whereas an estimated 31,000 tonnes of silt was cleared in Christchurch between September 2010 and February 2011, 397,025 tonnes was removed between February and June 2011. A different kind of fear began to envelop me now that fear that every parent has, that their kids are hurt, or worse, and you are separated from them. What are the air masses that affect the UK? Comments will be reviewed prior to posting. The aftershocks were particularly dangerous for people who were trapped under debris or in buildings, and for those who were trying to rescue them. I remember holding someones hand and asking someone else to hold this persons hand and the next thing I recall is standing on the rubble of the CTV site one of about 8 or 9 people who were helping to lead people down with various injuries from what appeared to be a hole at the top of the rubble. Reception staff had to write all the patient details down as people arrived, find manual forms for things usually done electronically, and the nurses and doctors had to write notes and keep hand-written records for all procedures. Many of the citys most important heritage buildings were damaged or destroyed, including the Provincial Council Chambers, Lytteltons Timeball Station, and both the Anglican Christchurch Cathedral and the Catholic Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament. One elderly man was holding up a photograph, possibly of his daughter. 101, 6037-6050 (1996). Among the many other individuals and groups who offered a range of practical and emotional help were chaplains and churches, embassy and consulate staff, the Canterbury Earthquakes Royal Commission, and the New Zealand Red Cross through its Bereaved Families Programme. I saw one tough looking Australian fireman with tears in his eyes. Take a look at the Christchurch earthquake animated map to see the swarm of foreshocks and aftershocks. After the incredible noise, silence. Johnston and K.P. Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? I have several personal reasons for that, but the cathedral feels different. New Zealand earthquake: Depth and location key Web7 Case study: Christchurch 2011 (HIC) Causes The earthquake struck the city of Christchurch in New Zealand on 22 February 2011. Location of earthquake fatalities, 22 February 2011 (NZ Police), One hundred and eighty five people died as a result of the 22 February earthquake. Some of those who had survived the initial collapse of the CTV building but remained trapped also made contact. What is the structure of the Temperate Deciduous Woodland? Because of these problems, when a person heard that someone was okay they often relayed this information to other friends and family by text and phone or, where internet access was available, by email, tweets or Facebook posts. I got to the school and was impressed that there was a strict emergency plan in place staff on each gate issuing instructions. What are the social and economic opportunities associated with the growth of Rio? An old man sat outside; we spoke briefly with him, then my flatmate knocked on the door. A burst water pipe had cracked through the surface of the [10], Emergency management personnel on 22 February 2011. The epicentre of the 22 February earthquake was within 10 km of Christchurch city, but it was felt strongly throughout Canterbury. 2011 Christchurch earthquake Rebecca, who was living in Aranui, shared this account of her efforts to reach her son: September 4th 2010. 75, no. Before the 22 February 2011 earthquake, the cost of repairs and rebuilding was estimated at around $5 billion. It set the tone for most of the way I felt on the rest of the trip a strange sense of coming home mixed with a feeling that said, what the hell is this place? But they also caused real fear and anxiety both for peoples own safety and that of their families, friends and neighbours, and for what they might mean for the future of their homes, businesses and community. Take a look at the, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Internet Geography Plus Terms and Conditions, Christchurch, New Zealands second city, experienced extensive damage, 100,000 properties were damaged, and the earthquake demolished 10,000, liquefaction destroyed many roads and buildings, 2200 people had to live in temporary housing, five Rugby World Cup matcheswere cancelled, 1/5 of the population migrated from the city, many businesses were closed for a long time, two large aftershocks struck Christchurch less than four months after the city was devastated, Economists have suggested that it will take 50 to 100 years for New Zealands economy to recover, 80% of respondents to a post-event survey stated that their lives had changed significantly since the earthquake, The Red Cross and other charities supplied aid workers, rescue crews from all over the world, including the UK, USA, Taiwan and Australia, provided support, more than 300 Australian police officers flew into Christchurch three days after the earthquake. Areas close to the coast were the most badly affected, especially the town of Kaiapoi in Waimakariri District and the suburb of Bexley in east Christchurch. By the time a devastating 6.3-magnitude earthquake itself, in seismic terms, an aftershock struck Christchurch on 22 February 2011, the region had experienced thousands. Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. Human and physical factors causing river flooding. February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. 12-18) and other buildings (vol. The number of student visas for the Canterbury region dropped by 37% around 3300 individuals in 2011. A seriously injured patient would arrive every 5 to 10 minutes. At 12.51 p.m. on 22 February 2011, the Canterbury region was struck by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake. However, not all these requests could be supported. Those involved in the process explained that they were working as quickly as they could while following international DVI standards. Individual businesses also suffered badly whether from damage to stock or buildings, the impact of damage to infrastructure such as roads and utilities, or because of a decline in the demand for their services. On February 22, 2011, residents of the then-second-largest city in New Zealand Christchurch, located on the South Island's Canterbury Plains were hit hard by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake. This article was written by Imelda Bargas and produced by theNZHistory team. Canterbury Earthquakes Royal Commission. This site is produced by the Research and Publishing Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage, Manat Taonga. (We found out later, Jess [Chrissys daughter] had texted me straight back to say she was ok but the text never got through to me but shed managed to get a text through to William).https://quakestudies.canterbury.ac.nz/store/object/526496. Our first neighbour an elderly gentleman, whose wife is wheelchair-bound was quite alright, but profoundly grateful that we came knocking on his door so soon to check on him. ), Trapped: remarkable stories of survival from the 2011 Canterbury earthquake, Penguin Books, Auckland, 2012, pp. 2, July 2014, p. 7, Janet K. Spittlehouse, Peter R. Joyce, Esther Vierck, Philip J. Schluter and John F. Pearson, Ongoing adverse mental health impact of the earthquake sequence in Christchurch, New Zealand,Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, vol. [4] David Johnston et al., The 2010/2011 Canterbury Earthquakes: context and cause of injury, Natural Hazards, January 2014. Some sectors were hit hard, notably retail, accommodation and hospitality. We have 1 event in history, 2 biographies, 7 articles, related to February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. They encountered similar problems as a result of power outages, congestion and physical damage. And then it was only me and Megan walking from the summit down, and we went really fast down the hill. [1] Casey Rowney, Pante Farvid and Chris G. Sibley, I laugh and say I have earthquake brain!: resident responses to the September 2010 Christchurch earthquake,New Zealand Journal of Psychology, vol. It was 4.35 a.m. when they were awakened abruptly. WebCauses An earthquake-damaged home stands at the edge of a cliff in Christchurch The earthquake struck on 22 February 2011. [8]. Web$28 billion of damage was caused water and sewage pipes were damaged the cathedral spire collapsed liquefaction destroyed many roads and buildings The video below shows the effects of the earthquake one minute after it struck. WebWhile we know the locations of many large fault lines in New Zealand, there are many other faults buried underground that we dont know about. International migration from Syria to Europe, Japan A country with a high dependent population. The sight of them, faded, ripped and broken in some places really got to me. Immediately after the September earthquake, the number of international guest nights fell by 6 per cent. How reliable are economic indicators of development? [7]. (I guess he grabbed this from his office, and then forgot about it.) Then there was a roaring sound, and terrible shaking which got progressively worse and worse. The air was thick with dust from collapsed buildings and smoke from fires. Everyone was out on the streets and everyone asked the same question of each other Are you alright?. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Despite the valuable contribution of volunteers and the NZDF, there was enormous pressure on the citys dedicated emergency services Police, Fire Service and St John Ambulance in the immediate aftermath of the main shock. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles How have animals adapted to cold environments? 8-9; Christchurch quake blamed for death, Herald on Sunday, 12 September 2010; First Christchurch quake victims family share the pain, Herald on Sunday, 4 September 2011. It was originally created by Auckland City Council in the 1990s or 2000s. One was hit by a falling chimney while the other was seriously injured by broken glass. 4, December 2011, 'Review of the Civil Defence Emergency Management Response to the 22 February Christchurch Earthquake', Civil Defence, David Johnston et al., The 2010/2011 Canterbury Earthquakes: context and cause of injury,Natural Hazards, January 2014, Ian McLean et al., Review of the Civil Defence Emergency Management Response to the 22 February Christchurch Earthquake, June 2012:http://www.civildefence.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/publications/Review-CDEM-Response-22-February-Christchurch-Earthquake.pdf, Miles Parker and Daan Steenkamp, The economic impact of the Canterbury earthquake, Reserve Bank of New Zealand Bulletin, vol. Frances describes her journey and what she found when she arrived: I knew that the kids were no doubt safe at school (they do a lot of earthquake drills) but [felt] that we should go and get them anyway. 2011 Christchurch earthquake As more personnel arrived, we spread around two sides of the block. [2]. A significant proportion of those who died were visitors to the region, some of whom had only been in New Zealand a few days. [3], Several thousand residents sustained lesser injuries for which they sought medical help. Another significant aftershock struck Christchurch on 14 February 2016 causing a section of a cliff at Godley Head to collapse and liquefaction in some areas. The report of the Canterbury Earthquakes Royal Commission contains biographies of those who died as a result of the earthquake in the CTV (vol. Some sectors were hit hard, notably retail, accommodation and hospitality. Developing a comprehensive model of hazard preparedness Initially some Cantabrians worried that they were feeling an even more severe earthquake centred near Wellington an area known for its seismic activity and where many New Zealanders expected the big one to hit. In March 2011, Police Superintendent Sam Hoyle asked for patience and understanding: We are acutely aware that families want their loved ones returned, particularly our guests from overseas, and our teams are working flat out to achieve this. Even if its granny steps just keep walking. Coz every time there was another shake youd hear the cracking and youd be hearing rocks and people yelling Rocks! and youd be looking and trying to find it and thered be people pointing and youd spot it and youd yell to people and youd see them look up and go left or right, left or right and that was the worst bit, watching, thinking, Oh God, I will see someone get nailed and then I will need to run down and then get up the hill again but we were OK and people kept stopping the last 200 metres under the summit, the big bluffs are right there, and I couldnt stop for people. [1]Martin van Beynen (ed. However, as the time approached, we were all instructed to walk down to the CTV site one block away. The military helped police establish and maintain a cordon around the CBD and, in the following days, moved out to suburban areas to reassure the public. Liquefaction a liquid mush of soft sand and silt which had wrecked building foundations, ruptured water and sewer pipes and shattered roads, footpaths and driveways in September struck the city again. https://quakestudies.canterbury.ac.nz/store/object/526538. The impacts and opportunities that result when low-probability moderate earthquakes strike an urban area similar to many throughout the US were vividly conveyed in a one-day workshop in which social and Earth scientists, public officials, engineers, and an emergency manager shared their experiences of the earthquake sequence that struck the city of Christchurch and surrounding Canterbury region of New Zealand in 2010-2011. He was only saying that to make me feel better. At the moment Im taking each day as it comes, theres really not any other way to do it, you get better but every shake or noise sends you back a little again, not completely back to the start but enough to not want to be on my own. A burst water pipe had cracked through the surface of the basketball courts and water was seeping everywhere. The family of Lillian (Lill) Daniels-Witika believe she was a casualty of the September 2010 earthquake. New Zealand The epicentre of the 4 September earthquake was near Darfield, a small town 40 km west of Christchurch, but it was felt throughout the Canterbury region and beyond. I just had to put my head down and go, and I said, I will see you at the top. Most of those who died were Christchurch or Canterbury residents with ties to the local community. Two men in their fifties sustained major injuries. Business was really down the gurgler at this stage as I thought we were insured but by the time we paid excesses and whatever on the $30,000 of smashed work, well we got a couple of thousand, thats all. If you've found the resources on this site useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. Read on to find out how New Zealand deals with earthquake hazards and the problems that being a shaky There were many more.https://quakestudies.canterbury.ac.nz/store/object/526195, A national memorial service was held in North Hagley Park on 18 March 2011. What are the effects of economic development in Nigeria on quality of life? [8] Rachel Harre and Frank Malone operated Fragments of Grace gallery in Kaiapoi, which was badly affected by the September quake. As aftershock upon aftershock hit the region, beginning with a 5.6-magnitude shake at 4.56 a.m., families and flatmates comforted each other and began to venture out to check on their neighbours. 756-63, Ian Stuart, Quake: the big Canterbury earthquake of 2010, Harper Collins, Auckland, 2010, The Press, The big quake: Canterbury, September 4, 2010, Random House New Zealand, Auckland, 2010. Please protect them. This included all search teams present, and support staff, including the caterers. WebProduction is expected to be roughly 2,000 bottles; 1,200 being sold in the UK, and the remainder being sold in Japan. The site was quite shocking to those like us, who had not seen it up close before. For example, 3 News reported that between 4.35 a.m. and 7 a.m. the operators at Christchurchs 111 Communications Centre, based at the Christchurch Central Police Station, took four or five times the usual number of calls 788 rather than 172. WebLearning resources What is an earthquake? The remains of the four unfound victims were interred at a special site in Avonhead Park Cemetery in February 2012. Some of those trapped in buildings following the earthquake managed to communicate with loved ones and emergency services. As I sat on the sofa, my sensitive ears detected those deepest of bass notes that announce another aftershock, but within less than a second the vibrations had undergone a massive crescendo, and the house began roaring around me. Already subdued by the experience, it was about to take another turn! Driving through town, lights were out including traffic lights. Two Earthquakes Compared Nepal and LAquila, Lombok Indonesia Earthquake 2018 Case Study, 2018 Sulawesi Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami Case Study. Many people jumped out of bed and headed to work after the earthquake struck. It caused greater devastation in most parts of the region and 185 lives were lost. He flicked the torch on, and at the same time Paul, who was leading us down the stairs, turned around and told us that we needed to go back up and try to find another way down. Can you tell us more about the information on this page? The 4 September 2010 earthquake was the largest to affect a major urban area since the 7.8-magnitude shock that struck the Hawkes Bay region on 3 February 1931. Then we made our way to one of the stairwells and set off for the ground. The earthquakes in Canterbury have generated thousands of aftershocks. The focus is to make accurate identifications. The streets were filled with liquefaction and dazed people. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in While most came from the east coast of the South Island, there were a number from the west coast and the lower two-thirds of the North Island. It makes extensive use of contributions to QuakeStories, a website established by the Ministry for Culture and Heritage in 2011. Most serious was the loss of electricity at the regions only acute-care hospital, Christchurch Hospital. The air was thick with dust from collapsed buildings and smoke from fires. 33-47). I eventually got hold of him and ran to his doorway and stood there until the shaking stopped. Teachers were sitting and cuddling several children at once, trying to comfort them. New Zealand lies on the boundary of the Pacific and Australian tectonic plates. The February quake was powerful enough that while classified as an aftershock of the September quake, it generated its own aftershocks, including a magnitude 5.8 at 1.04 p.m. and a magnitude 5.9 at 2.50 p.m. But I must have then found out it was local.https://quakestudies.canterbury.ac.nz/store/object/526159. Most were of magnitude 3 or below and caused no significant additional damage, but their constant occurrence took a toll on the regions residents. The littlest sound makes me jump at night although I am still a little jumpy during the day. However, the charred lift shaft remained, along with a quantity of slabs and other rubble. ADS The emergency lighting had failed in the stairwell, so we could barely see the steps in front of us. The cause, effects and responses to the Christchurch Earthquake. Still, many thousands of people faced a massive clean-up, the rebuilding of their homes and businesses, and a lengthy process of physical and psychological recovery - while being jolted by aftershocks, and living in fear of another large earthquake.